A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN). The term is applied to the interconnection of networks in a city into a single larger network (which may then also offer efficient connection to a wide area network). It is also used to mean the interconnection of several local area networks by bridging them with backbone lines. The latter usage is also sometimes referred to as a campus network.
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Examples of metropolitan area networks of various sizes can be found in the metropolitan areas of London, England; Lodz, Poland; and Geneva, Switzerland. Large universities also sometimes use the term to describe their networks. A recent trend is the installation of wireless MANs.
What is a Network?
A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light beams.
Two very common types of networks include:
You may also see references to a Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), a Wireless LAN (WLAN), or a Wireless WAN (WWAN).
Local Area Network
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is confined to a relatively small area. It is generally limited to a geographic area such as a writing lab, school, or building.
Computers connected to a network are broadly categorized as servers or workstations. Servers are generally not used by humans directly, but rather run continuously to provide 'services' to the other computers (and their human users) on the network. Services provided can include printing and faxing, software hosting, file storage and sharing, messaging, data storage and retrieval, complete access control (security) for the network's resources, and many others.
Workstations are called such because they typically do have a human user which interacts with the network through them. Workstations were traditionally considered a desktop, consisting of a computer, keyboard, display, and mouse, or a laptop, with with integrated keyboard, display, and touchpad. With the advent of the tablet computer, and the touch screen devices such as iPad and iPhone, our definition of workstation is quickly evolving to include those devices, because of their ability to interact with the network and utilize network services.
Servers tend to be more powerful than workstations, although configurations are guided by needs. For example, a group of servers might be located in a secure area, away from humans, and only accessed through the network. In such cases, it would be common for the servers to operate without a dedicated display or keyboard. However, the size and speed of the server's processor(s), hard drive, and main memory might add dramatically to the cost of the system. On the other hand, a workstation might not need as much storage or working memory, but might require an expensive display to accommodate the needs of its user. Every computer on a network should be appropriately configured for its use.
On a single LAN, computers and servers may be connected by cables or wirelessly. Wireless access to a wired network is made possible by wireless access points (WAPs). These WAP devices provide a bridge between computers and networks. A typical WAP might have the theoretical capacity to connect hundreds or even thousands of wireless users to a network, although practical capacity might be far less.
Nearly always servers will be connected by cables to the network, because the cable connections remain the fastest. Workstations which are stationary (desktops) are also usually connected by a cable to the network, although the cost of wireless adapters has dropped to the point that, when installing workstations in an existing facility with inadequate wiring, it can be easier and less expensive to use wireless for a desktop.
See the Topology, Cabling, and Hardware sections of this tutorial for more information on the configuration of a LAN.
Wide Area Network
Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect networks in larger geographic areas, such as Florida, the United States, or the world. Dedicated transoceanic cabling or satellite uplinks may be used to connect this type of global network.
Using a WAN, schools in Florida can communicate with places like Tokyo in a matter of seconds, without paying enormous phone bills. Two users a half-world apart with workstations equipped with microphones and a webcams might teleconference in real time. A WAN is complicated. It uses multiplexers, bridges, and routers to connect local and metropolitan networks to global communications networks like the Internet. To users, however, a WAN will not appear to be much different than a LAN.
Advantages of Installing a School Network
- User access control.
- Modern networks almost always have one or more servers which allows centralized management for users and for network resources to which they have access. User credentials on a privately-owned and operated network may be as simple as a user name and password, but with ever-increasing attention to computing security issues, these servers are critical to ensuring that sensitive information is only available to authorized users.
- Information storing and sharing.
- Computers allow users to create and manipulate information. Information takes on a life of its own on a network. The network provides both a place to store the information and mechanisms to share that information with other network users.
- Connections.
- Administrators, instructors, and even students and guests can be connected using the campus network.
- Services.
- The school can provide services, such as registration, school directories, course schedules, access to research, and email accounts, and many others. (Remember, network services are generally provided by servers).
- Internet.
- The school can provide network users with access to the internet, via an internet gateway.
- Computing resources.
- The school can provide access to special purpose computing devices which individual users would not normally own. For example, a school network might have high-speed high quality printers strategically located around a campus for instructor or student use.
- Flexible Access.
- School networks allow students to access their information from connected devices throughout the school. Students can begin an assignment in their classroom, save part of it on a public access area of the network, then go to the media center after school to finish their work. Students can also work cooperatively through the network.
- Workgroup Computing.
- Collaborative software allows many users to work on a document or project concurrently. For example, educators located at various schools within a county could simultaneously contribute their ideas about new curriculum standards to the same document, spreadsheets, or website.
- Expensive to Install.
- Large campus networks can carry hefty price tags. Cabling, network cards, routers, bridges, firewalls, wireless access points, and software can get expensive, and the installation would certainly require the services of technicians. But, with the ease of setup of home networks, a simple network with internet access can be setup for a small campus in an afternoon.
- Requires Administrative Time.
- Proper maintenance of a network requires considerable time and expertise. Many schools have installed a network, only to find that they did not budget for the necessary administrative support.
- Servers Fail.
- Although a network server is no more susceptible to failure than any other computer, when the files server 'goes down' the entire network may come to a halt. Good network design practices say that critical network services (provided by servers) should be redundant on the network whenever possible.
- Cables May Break.
- The Topology chapter presents information about the various configurations of cables. Some of the configurations are designed to minimize the inconvenience of a broken cable; with other configurations, one broken cable can stop the entire network.
- Security and compliance.
- Network security is expensive. It is also very important. A school network would possibly be subject to more stringent security requirements than a similarly-sized corporate network, because of its likelihood of storing personal and confidential information of network users, the danger of which can be compounded if any network users are minors. A great deal of attention must be paid to network services to ensure all network content is appropriate for the network community it serves.
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Description: This is a PDF file of a presentation about the limitations, advantages and disadvantages of different types of networks.
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Limitations, Pros and Consof LAN, MAN & WAN
Presented by Bryan Lenz
Local Area Network is a computer network that
connects computers within a limited area such as a
home, school, office building or computer labs
..
Local Area
Network (LAN)
Speed of data transfer is significantly faster than wireless e
..
transfer of large files
..
Local Area
Network (LAN)
Pros
Wiring does not need to be replaced but switches and routers may
need to be upgraded over time
..
Very stable and once correctly configured, does not cause many
problems or require much maintenance
..
Local Area
Network (LAN)
Cons
Limited ability to move to a different location without setting up
additional switches and running cables
..
More expenses for the server maintenance and required software
purchasing
..
Metropolitan limits are determined by local corporations,
the larger city, bigger then MAN, the smaller a metro city, smaller
the MAN
..
Some installations allow multiple users to share the same highspeed Internet connection
Metropolitan
Area Network
(MAN) Cons
The cost of the cutting-edge technology employed
..
Computers connected to a WAN are often connected
through public networks said as above
..
Internet is the world’s most popular WAN
..
Wide Area
Network
(WAN) Pros
Easy installation
..
Wide Area
Network
(WAN) Cons
Transfer speed is not as fast a wired LAN networks
..
WAN connection handled by the provider
..
Thank you for your time and attention!
Resources:
http://en
..
org/wiki/Metropolitan_area_network
http://en
..
org/wiki/Wide_area_network
Thank You!
http://en
..
org/wiki/Local_area_network
http://www
..
com/TERM/W/wide_area_network_WAN
..
americanehr
..
about
..
html
http://wiki
..
com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_of_Metropolitan_area
Advantages Of Wide Area Network
_NetworkDescription: This is a PDF file of a presentation about the limitations, advantages and disadvantages of different types of networks.
What is Wide Area Network(WAN)?
MAN stands for Metropolitan Area Network.In MAN,group of computer are connected to each other with in a whole city using some network devices like HUB,repeater etc.(we need such devices because in MAN,signal becomes week due to large geographical area so these devices are boost up the signal).It range from 0-100 Km.
Diagram/Image of Metropolitan Area Network:-
Advantages/Disadvantages/Needs/Characteristics/features of MAN:-
1)It covered large geographical area.
2)It is made up the combination of two or more than two LAN.
3)It mainly used Fibre optic cable.
4)It transmission is very fast.
5)It generally covered a city or a town.
6)It support voice communication.
7)It may be used in guided(wired) or unguided(wireless) medium.
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Metropolitan Area Network Advantages
Definition MAN
Metropolitan area network or shortened by MAN. A network in a city with high speed data transfer, which connects various locations such as campuses, offices, government, and so on. MAN network is a combination of several LANs. The MAN range of between 10 to 50 miles, this MAN is a network that tepaMetropolitan area network or shortened by MAN. A network in a city with high speed data transfer, which connects various locations such as campuses, offices, government, and so on. MAN network is a combination of several LANs. The MAN range of between 10 to 50 km, MAN this is the right network to establish a network between offices in the city between the factories / establishments and headquarters that are within his reach.
MAN advantages:
MAN can cover a wider area than a LAN. MAN networks are usually operated at airports, or a combination of several pieces at a local school. By running a large network connectedness, information can be disseminated more widely, rapidly and significantly. Public libraries and government agencies typically use a MAN.
Disadvantages MAN:
MAN will only apply if the personal computer or a terminal can compete. If a personal computer is used as a terminal, move the file (file transfer software) allows users to retrieve files (downloaded) from the hose or hose to deliver the data (upload). Download files means open and retrieve data from a personal computer to another and deliver the data to the computer pertaining requested by the user.